The radiation treatments will be monitored by a radiation oncologist, a physician specializing in radiation therapy of tumors.

Radiotherapy
Radiotherapy is using a large machine called a linear accelerator for the precise amounts of high-energy rays to kill cancer cells provide. The radiation stops the reproduction of tumor cells while minimizing damage to healthy tissue. Radiation therapy has been shown that survival in women with breast cancer to improve.

Radiotherapy for breast cancer can be used:

after lumpectomy or mastectomy alone or in combination with chemotherapy, to reduce the risk of cancer grows again in the chest.
The main treatment for breast cancer and the surgeon believes the tumor can not be removed safely and the woman’s health is not a possible or if the woman chooses not to have surgery.
to treat cancer that has spread to bone and brain.
to relieve pain or other problems, if the cancer returns.
Unintended effects of Radiation Therapy
Radiotherapy is painless. However, some women experience side effects, which may include:

redness, discomfort and dryness of the skin in the treated area. Your doctor will recommend a specific treatment, if this happens. The redness may last until one year to fade.
fatigue, usually two to three weeks after treatment begins. The increases in fatigue during the duration of treatment and goes away about a months after the end of treatment. Fatigue should not disable. Most women go through a nap or go to bed earlier.
lower blood counts. Your blood will be checked regularly, especially if also receiving chemotherapy.
Sometimes women also experience a sore mouth or throat, dry mouth or, if these areas are irradiated.

During irradiation of breast cancer, women should:

Contact your doctor if you develop unusual symptoms such as coughing, sweating, fever, pain or unusual.
ensure adequate rest and eat a healthy diet.
for regular blood tests, as prescribed by your doctor.
be more gentle with the area. Avoid tight clothing or something that rubs.
protect the area from sun exposure
apply moisturizer after radiation was completed.
Many advances in radiotherapy for breast cancer have helped women to avoid side effects long term. However, they may occur and include:

rib fractures, which tend to heal without treatment (less than 1%)
pulmonary inflammation, which tends to resolve on its own (less than 1%)
damage to the heart (the old methods of radiotherapy has caused more problems. New advances avoid direct radiation to the heart.)
scar
Very rarely, radiotherapy are associated with other tumors such as Kaposi’s
Side Effects During Treatment
Radiotherapy can cause side effects during treatment. You

redness and irritation of the skin
discomfort and swelling of the breast or chest
fatigue
You can not notice the effects until a few weeks you’ve had a treatment. They begin to feel better when the treatment ends. But you may feel tired for several months.

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Side Effects After Treatment
For most women the appearance of the breast after radiotherapy is very good. But if you’re worried about the potential side effects, talk radio or care therapist breast nurse. You can also find it helpful to look at the main section on side effects of radiotherapy.

Radiation therapy may affect the risk of some types of breast reconstruction, but otherwise may be suitable for you. Reconstruction of tissue expansion is usually not possible after radiotherapy to the breast because the skin becomes less elastic post. Some forms of breast reconstruction with tissue can not be, as the area of the breast is a good supply of blood for this type of surgery. Radiotherapy reduces blood flow to the area.

Radiotherapy is a lasting effect on the skin and any tissue in the left breast after breast conservation surgery. You might find that

breast tissue more solid
reduction of breast tissue
swelling of the breast area
small red spots on skin
dark skin

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After the woman has undergone treatment for the elimination of breast cancer, you need to make stricter controls over the first five years. After they shall continue to be controlled like any healthy woman.

The controls are:

During the first two years, physical examinations will be conducted every three months and annual mammography.

Over the next three years, the physical examinations conducted every six months and annual mammography will also.

These controls will not require any other evidence provided that the woman is asymptomatic and her doctor so it sees fit.

Other tests are not uncommon blood tests, chest radiography and serial bone X-rays. You can perform some other evidence relating to any symptoms that the patient present.

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Keep in mind that women who are more likely to develop breast cancer (by having more risk factors) can take preventive measures to reduce the likelihood and periodic revisions or changes in your lifestyle.

RISK FACTORS

** Sex
Breast cancer occurs mainly in women though. It can also affect men but the probability is much lower.

** Age
An elderly carries an increased number of cancers. 60% of breast tumors occur in women over 60 years. This percentage increases much more after 75 years.

** Genes
There are two identified genes that, when any change in them (mutation) are associated with an increased likelihood of developing breast cancer. These genes are called BRCA1 and BRCA2, and according to some studies it seems that between 50% and 60% of women who have inherited the mutated genes can develop cancer before age 70.

** Family history
When a first-degree relative (mother, sister, daughter) had breast cancer doubles the risk of autism. If this is a more distant relative (grandmother, aunt, cousin) increases the risk only slightly.

** Personal history
A previous benign breast disease seems to increase risk in women who have a large number of ducts. Still, this risk is moderate. Some abnormal breast biopsy may be related to a slightly elevated risk of breast cancer. The risk of developing cancer in the other breast in women who have had breast cancer is different from the first recurrence or recurrence of cancer.

** Race
White women are more likely to get breast cancer than blacks, although mortality is higher in the latter, probably because they were detected at more advanced stages. Those with less risk of autism are Asian and Hispanic women.

** Menstrual periods
The sooner you start to menstruation (before age 12), the greater the risk (two to four times higher) for this disease compared with those who started later (after 14 years). The same occurs with menopause, women with late menopause (after age 55) are at increased risk. Pregnancy after age 30 also increases risk. These factors, although very frequent, often have little impact on cancer risk.

FACTORS RELATED TO LIFESTYLE

** Long term use of contraceptives
Recent studies have shown that prolonged use of contraceptives is not related to breast cancer.

Hormone replacement therapy **
This therapy, which is used to relieve symptoms of menopause appears to increase long-term (more than 10 years) the risk of breast cancer, although studies in this regard are not conclusive dle.

** Alcohol
Alcohol consumption for years is clearly linked to elevated risk of breast cancer.

Overweight **
Excess weight appears to be associated with a higher risk of having this disease, although there is no evidence that a particular type of diet (high fat diet) increases the risk.

We must bear these risk factors, and avoid those that can. Also be aware that, currently, between 70% and 80% of all breast cancers occur in women without risk factors apply and that only 5% to 10% have a genetic origin for possessing the mutated BRCA1 genes and BRCA2. At present there are some clearly defined criteria to recommend the completion of these tests. It is not enough, for example, having a relative with breast cancer (mother or sister) to indicate its completion.

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